Psychological entitlement and its relationship to Personal Striving among educational counselors

Authors

  • Jala Abid Al-Jibori وزارة التربية

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31973/aj.v3i138.1713

Keywords:

psychological entitlement, personal struggle, educational guide

Abstract

When an individual believes that he deserves more than others in his surroundings, this belief will make him focus on his needs only and will reflect negatively in his dealings and his relationship with others through conflicts and divisions in his own environment, unless this belief is related to factors, performance or skills that push him towards (merit)  which is considered the other side of the deserves,  if this is found with the personal struggle that is positively linked with many positive psychological variables, then the performance and sense of the individual will be the pinnacle of positivity, and the individuals who have a personal struggle, perseverance, and clear achievement goals will have more prestige and moral value than others. If the research sample is represented by educational counselors who are an important part of the education system and a mainstay are not characterized by psychological merit, and who enjoy the high personal struggle, this will help build future generations. The success of an educational counselor in his work depends to a large extent on the extent of his personal struggle. If his struggle was high, his activity, perseverance, and achievement would be higher, and on the contrary, his activity would decrease. The current research aims to define psychological entitlement and its relationship to personal struggle among educational counselors and to know the correlation between them according to the gender variable (male and female counselors). In order to achieve the objectives of the current research, a scale of psychological merit and a scale of personal struggle were constructed, and indicators of validity, reliability, and discriminatory power were extracted. The two scales were applied to a sample of (200) male and female educational counselors from the Second Rusafa Education Directorate in Baghdad governorate, and after processing the data statistically, the research reached a set of results, including that the research sample did not enjoy psychological entitlement, and there were no statistically significant differences between male and female counselors in that. Although the sample being distinguished by personal struggle and in all its fields, there are no statistically significant differences between male and female educational counselors in this regard, and there is no correlation between the two variables. The researcher reached a set of recommendations, including preparing training and guidance programs that help improve and develop the personal struggle. The researcher proposes to conduct a study on the psychological entitlement and personal struggle of educational institution directors.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Anastasia, Amen, (1988), Psychological testing, New York the MacMillan Company.

Anderson, D., Halberstadt, J., & Aitken, R. (2013). Entitlement Attitudes Predict Students' Poor Performance in Challenging Academic Conditions. International Journal of Higher Education, 2(2), 151-158.‏

Campbell, W. K, & Buffardi, W. K., Bonacci, A. M., Shelton, J., Exline, J. J., & Bushman, B. J. (2004). Psychological entitlement: Interpersonal consequences and validation of a self-report measure. Journal of Personality Assessment, 83(1), 29-45.‏

Cox, W. M., & Klinger, E. (Eds.). (2004). Handbook of motivational counseling: Concepts, approaches, and assessment. John Wiley & Sons.

Ebel, R. L. (1972). Essentials of Education Measurement, New Jersey, Prentic Hall.

Emmons, R. A (1991) personal striving, daily life events, and Psychological and physica well-being, journal of personality, Vol (59).

Emmons, R. A. (1986). Personal strivings: An approach to personality and subjective well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(5), 1058-1068. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.5.1058.

Emmons, R. A. (2003). The psychology of ultimate concerns: Motivation and spirituality in personality. New York: Guilford Press

Freeman, F. S. (1962). Theory and prentice of psychological testing, Holt, Rinehart & Winston, New York.

Harvey, P., & Harris, K. J. (2010). Frustration-based outcomes of entitlement and the influence of supervisor communication. Human Relations, 63(11), 1639-1660.‏

Hogue, M., Yoder, J. D., & Singleton, S. B. (2007). The gender wage gap: An explanation of men’s elevated wage entitlement. Sex Roles, 56(9-10), 573-579.‏

Johnson, J. M., & Ng, E. S. (2015). Money Talks or Millennials Walk: The Effect of Compensation on Nonprofit Millennial Workers Sector-Switching Intentions. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 1, 23.‏

Karoly, P. (1993). Goal systems: An organizing framework for clinical assessment and treatment planning. Psychological Assessment, 5(3).

Klimchak, M., Carsten, M., Morrell, D., & MacKenzie Jr, W. I. (2016). Employee entitlement and proactive work behaviors: The moderating effects of narcissism and organizational identification. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 1-10.‏ https://doi.org/10.1177/1548051816636790

Ledoux, J.E. (1995). Emotion: Clues from the brain. Annual Review of Psychology, 46.

Lessard, J., Greenberger, E., Chen, C., & Farruggia, S. (2011). Are youths’ feelings of entitlement always “bad”? Evidence for a distinction between exploitive and non-exploitive dimensions of entitlement. Journal of Adolescence, 34(3), 521-529.‏

Meyer, W. S. (1991). A case of restricted entitlement. Clinical Social Work Journal, 19(3), 223-235.‏

Moffitt, K. H., & Singer, J. A. (1994). Continuity in the life story: Self-defining memories, affect, and approach/avoidance personal strivings. Journal of Personality, 62.

Neville, L., & Fisk, G. M. (2018). Getting to excess: Psychological entitlement and negotiation attitudes. Journal of Business and Psychology, 34(4), 555-574.‏

Pervin, L. A. (2003). The science of personality. Oxford university press.

Reeve, J., & Halusic, M. (2009). How K-12 teachers can put self-determination theory principles into practice.

Russell, D. C. (2013). Virtue ethics, happiness, and the good life. In D. C. Russell (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to virtue ethics. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CCO9780511734786.002 .

Sheldon, K. M, K. M., & Kasser, T. (2008). Psychological threat and extrinsic goal striving. Motivation and Emotion, 32(1).

Sheldon, K. M., & Kasser, T. (2001). Getting older, getting better? Personal strivings and 25- psychological maturation across life span. Developmental Psychology,

Sheldon, K. M., Emmons, R. A. (1995). Comparing differentiation and integration within personal goal systems, person, in divide, Diff, Vol. 18.

Stang, D.J. & Wrightsman, L.S. (1982). A dictionary of social behavior and social research methods, Monterey.

Thomason, S., Etling, C., Brownlee, A., & Charles, T. (2015). Psychological entitlement and conscientiousness as predictors of socially responsible workplace decisions. Small Business Institute Journal, 11(2), 1-15.

Tomlinson, E. C. (2013). An integrative model of entitlement beliefs. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 25(2), 67-87.‏

Zemojtel-Piotrowska, M., Piotrowski, J., & Clinton, A. (2015). Materialism, subjective well-being and psychological entitlement: Interplay between materialism and social functioning. Ceskoslovenska Psychologie. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/276120509

Downloads

Published

2021-09-15

Issue

Section

Educational and psychological sciences

How to Cite

Psychological entitlement and its relationship to Personal Striving among educational counselors. (2021). Al-Adab Journal, 3(138), 143-178. https://doi.org/10.31973/aj.v3i138.1713

Publication Dates

Similar Articles

1-10 of 412

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.