أفْعُل وأفْعَال في اللمع وشروحه

المؤلفون

  • Yathrib Osama Qawam College of Arts - University of Baghdad
  • Diaa Hamid Dahash College of Arts - University of Baghdad

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31973/aj.v2i136.1305

الكلمات المفتاحية:

اللمع، ابن برهان، أفْعُل، أفَعْال

الملخص

أفْعُل وأفْعَال جمعان لأبنية كثيرة جاءت للدلالة على القلة من دون الكثرة ، وهما الاهم والأبرز بين أبنية جموع القلة يمثلان أساساً من أسس الجمع لا يختلفان في الأهمية فيما بينهما من حيث وفرة الأبنية التي تمثل المادة المفردة التي تجمع عليهما ، وقد حظيا باهتمام ابن جني في اللمع والشراح في مؤلفاتهم التي عنيت بكتاب اللمع، دراسة وشرحاً وقد تفاوتت الآراء في بعض الأبنية التي جاءت على هذين الجموع فكان منها ما كان على القياس عند بعضهم وهي على غير القياس عند بعضهم الآخر، وقد جاءت الأبنية التي تجمع على البناء (أفْعُل)  خمسة أبنية (فَعْل وفَعَل وفِعْل وفُعْل وفَعِل) كلها سماعية ماعدا فَعْل وجاءت أبنية أخرى (فِعَال، وفَعَال، وفُعَال، وفَعِيل) يجمع مؤنثها على أفْعُل قياساً، وقد اختلفت الآراء في ذكر بعض الأبنية بين اللمع وشروحه تارة وبين الشروح تارة أخرى، أمَّا (أفْعَال) فهو جمع لثمانية أبنية (فَعَل وفَعِل وفَعُل وفِعْل وفِعِل وفُعْل وفُعُل وفُعَل) كلها قياسية إلَّا (فُعَل) فهو محل خلاف بين ابن جني والشُّرَّاح، فقد وافقه في هذا الجمع ابن برهان والاصفهاني وابن الخباز، في حين خالفه الثمانينيّ، إذ عدَّه قليل وجاء تنبيهاً على الأصل الذي تركته العرب، والواسطيّ الذي عد هذا الجمع شاذاً، والكوفيّ، إذ ذهب إلى أن فُعَل قياسه أفْعُل، وجمع على أفْعَال تشبيها بسائر المتحركات من الأبنية الثلاثية، وقد تم تسليط الضوء على آراء كثيرة فيما يتعلق بهذين البنائين.

التنزيلات

تنزيل البيانات ليس متاحًا بعد.

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التنزيلات

منشور

2021-03-15

إصدار

القسم

علم اللغة والأدب العربي

كيفية الاقتباس

أفْعُل وأفْعَال في اللمع وشروحه. (2021). مجلة الآداب, 2(136), 63-92. https://doi.org/10.31973/aj.v2i136.1305

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