ازمة سد النهضة وتأثيرها على العلاقات المصرية – الأثيوبية

المؤلفون

  • Azar Abd Khalifa Al-Mustansiriya University / College of Political Science

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31973/aj.v3i139.2293

الكلمات المفتاحية:

سد النهضة، نهر النيل، اثيوبيا، مصر

الملخص

كان يعرف سابقاً بسد الألفية وأحياناً يشار إليه باسم حداسه، هو سد تثاقلي تحت الانشاء على النيل الأزرق على بعد حوالي 40 كم شرق السودان في منطقة بني شنقول-گموز، إثيوپيا. بقدرة 6.000م.و، سيصبح السد أكبر محطة طاقة كهرومائية في أفريقيا عند اكتماله، وفي الترتيب 13 أو 14 في العالم، مع سد كراسنويارسك. ستبلغ سعة خزان السد 63 بليون متر مكعب ليصبح واحد من أكبر الخزانات في القارة الأفريقية.

الغرض الأساسي من انشاء السد هو توليد الطاقة الكهربية، وسوف تعاد المياه إلى مسارها إلى دولتي المصب (السودان ومصر) بعد توليد الكهرباء وأنه لا يجري استهلاك هذه المياه أو استخدامها في الري.

التنزيلات

تنزيل البيانات ليس متاحًا بعد.

المراجع

Abbas Mohammed Sharaki, Water Projects in Ethiopia and Their Effects on the Future of Nile Water, “Conference on the Prospects of Cooperation and Integration among the Nile Basin Countries: Opportunities and Challenges” Institute of African Research and Studies - Cairo University, 2010, p. 151.

Abdullah Issa Abdullah Muhammad, Geopolitics of the Conflict in the Nile Basin Region, An Applied Study in Political Geography, (University of Khartoum, College of Arts, 2006), p. 5.

Abdullah Issa Abdullah Muhammad, The Geopolitical Dimension of the Conflict in the Nile Basin Region - An Applied Study in Political Geography-, Ph.D. thesis, Faculty of Arts - University of Khartoum, Sudan, 2006, p. 59.

Adel Al-Arbawi, a previously mentioned source, p. 24.

Adel Al-Arbawi, Water Security in the Nile Basin between Cooperation and Conflict, Master Thesis, Faculty of Political Science and Media - University of Algiers, 2011, p.13

Adel Muhammad Al-Adaileh, The ---Water Conflict in the Middle East, War and Peace, (Amman, Dar Al-Sharq, (2005), p. 22).

Ali Jabbar Kreidi Al-Qadi, The International Legal System for Exploiting the Waters of International Rivers between Neighboring Countries, Al-Khaleej Al-Arabi Journal, No. 1-2, Center for Studies of Basra and the Arabian Gulf - University of Basra, 2013, pp. 120-p. 121.

Al-Tayeb Ali Hassan Al-Basri, The Role of International Law in Resolving Conflicts That Arise Around International Rivers - Nile Basin Countries as a Model, Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, Faculty of Law - Omdurman Islamic University, Sudan, 2014, p. 6.

Dr. Atef Ahmed (The Impact of Building the Renaissance Dam on Egyptian Foreign Policy) - Arab Democratic Center for Strategic and Political Studies - (10/10/2016)

Dr. Mai Ghaith (The Renaissance Dam and Egypt's National and Water Security) - Arab Center for Strategic Studies - (11-29-2013)

Dr. Muhammad Salman Taya, “The Negotiating Position of the Nile Source Countries in the Framework Agreement” in Dr. Mahmoud Abou El-Ainin, Editor, The African Strategic Report, 2007/2008, Cairo: Center

Ghassan Haddad, The Problem of Water in Egypt and Sudan at the Beginning of the Twenty-First Century, Journal of Studies and Research in the Arab World, No. 8-9, Al-Mustansiriya Center for Arab and International Studies, Baghdad, 2000, p. 133.

Ghassan Haddad, The Problem of Water in Egypt and Sudan at the Beginning of the Twenty-First Century, Journal of Arab World Studies and Research, Al-Mustansiriya Center for Arab and International Studies, No. 8-9. 2000, 133 –

Hala Al-Sayyid Al-Hilali, a previously mentioned source, p. 102. Arab Ahmed Nawara - By Allam Mokhtar, The Problem of Water Security - A Case Study of the Nile Basin Countries, Master Thesis, Faculty of Law and Political Science,

Hamdi Abdel Rahman, “The future of cooperation in the Nile Basin in the post-Renaissance Dam phase,” African Readings magazine, No. 35, January 2018, p.29.

Hani Nabil Sobhi Sharab, Arab Water Security: The Nile River as a Model, Master's Thesis, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Al-Azhar University, Gaza, 2015. p. 77.

Ibrahim Nasr -El-Din, Strategic Perceptions within the Nile Basin - African Horizons - Volume Ten, p.36. 2012, p. 12.

Issam Al-Attiyah, Public International Law, Fifth Edition, College of Law - University of Baghdad, 1992, p.233.

Jamal Dalaa, Study of the Ethiopian ---Renaissance Dam Crisis, Repercussions, Scenarios and Political Conflicts.

Kinfe Abraham, Nile Opportunities : Avenues Towards a Wini-Win Deal (Addis Ababa: The Ethiopian International Institute for Peace and Development, 2003) pp. 57-90

Mohamed Al-Saeed, Cooperation in renewable energy projects contributes to solving the Renaissance Dam crisis, April 26, 2021 The Addis Ababa Agreement was signed between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ethiopia on May 12, 1111 and signed by London on behalf of Sudan, and the most important of which is Article Three, which states: “The Ethiopian Emperor Menelik II promises not to build or allow any works to be built on the Blue Nile and Lake Tana or Sobat - Resolution No. 8524 issued by the League Council meeting at the ministerial level in its extraordinary session (held via video conference) -regarding the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, General Secretariat - League Council Affairs Secretariat, Cairo, June 23, 2020.

Mouloud Maamari University, Algeria, 2018, p. 75.

Muhammad Ahmad Al-Samarrai, Water Use Strategy for the -Nile Basin Countries, Dar Al-Thakira for Publishing and Distribution, Baghdad, 2012, p. 64.

Rashid Saeed, The Nile River - Its Origin and Use of Its Water in the Past and the Future, second edition, Dar Al-Hilal, Cairo, 2001, p. 32.

Sawsan Sabih Hamdan, The Impact of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, on the future of water resources in Egypt and Sudan, Al-Mustansiriya -- -Magazine, Al-Mustansiriya Center for Arab and International Studies / Al-Mustansiriya University, No. 51, 2020, p. 280.

Sobhi Ali Kansouh, "Ethiopian demands on the Nile waters and their impact on Egyptian water security", Institute of African Research and Studies, Cairo University, 2014, p. 16.

Tasa’adet Sharmali, The Water Crisis and Its Impact on International Relations - Nile Basin Countries as a Model-, Master’s Thesis, Faculty of Law, University of Algiers, 2013/2014, pp. 60 - 61

Waad Allah Hussein Yassin Al-Hamdani, The Nile River and Its Impact on Arab National Security, National Books and Documents House, Cairo, 2014, p. 23.

التنزيلات

منشور

2021-12-15

إصدار

القسم

علم الجغرافيا

كيفية الاقتباس

Khalifa, A. A. (2021). ازمة سد النهضة وتأثيرها على العلاقات المصرية – الأثيوبية. مجلة الآداب, 3(139), 245-272. https://doi.org/10.31973/aj.v3i139.2293

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