Natural and Cultural Heritage and its Tourism Importance in Maysan City, South Eastern Iraq
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31973/aj.v1i131.709Keywords:
Natural Heritage, Cultural Heritage, Religious Sites, Tourism, Hor Al-Huwaiza, IraqAbstract
The data was collected through field surveys of natural, archaeological, and religious and heritage sites; as well as visiting of some government institutions to access reports and text available in their libraries. The study explains the importance of natural heritage, such as the presence of Hor Al- Huwaiza, one of the four components listed on the World Heritage List, because of the diverse natural ecosystems and richness of biodiversity, especially the existence of threatened species of exceptional global value. The presence of more than 440 sites of cultural or archaeological heritage, spread over all the districts and areas of Maysan province, which includes different periods of civilizations: The Stone ages, Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian, Achmainic, Firthic, Sasanian, and Islamic civilizations. Islamic Religious sites such as: Ali al-Gharbi, Ali al-Sharqi and Obaidullah ibn Ali. Christian sites such as Umm Al-Ahzan Church, Mar Youssef Church. Jewish sites such as Al- Uzair Prophet; Sabean in addition to many heritage sites. Tourism is one of the productive economic sectors that contribute to increasing local and national income. Therefore, sustainable tourism and ecotourism must be supported and promoted to create jobs and improve the living standards of the local population, by providing infrastructure and preparing plans and programs that develop ecotourism in Huwaiza and adjacent natural areas, religious and archaeological tourism, and other kinds of tourism in an attempt to sustain the elements of natural, cultural and religious heritage and provide employment opportunities for the local population.
Downloads
References
Al- Lami, A. A., Salim, M.A., Mohammed, M.K., Al-Zubaidi, A.A., Kareem, S.O., Al-Zaidawi, A.H., Al-Taweel, D.A., Salman, K.A., Khudair, H.A., Khaled, W.A., Abulhawa, T., Al-Mughrabi, L., Garstecki, T. and Hoffman. 2014. Ahwar of Southern Iraq: Refuge of Biodiversity and the Relict Landscape of the Mesopotamian Cities. Nomination Dossier for Inscription of the Property on the World Heritage List. The Republic of Iraq.
Al- Zubaidi, A. A., Mohammad, M. K. and Rasheed M. J. 2017. The Importance of Geodiversity on the Animal Diversity in Huwaiza Marsh and the Adjacent Areas, South-eastern Iraq. Bulletin of Iraq Natural History Museum, 14 (3): 235-249.
Al-Abadi, K. Ebadi. 2010. Heritage Buildings in Maysan Governorate. Unpublished Research, University Horizons, Third Issue.
Al-Bustani, I. Kamal and Hassan, Y. Shehata. 2016. Sustainable Tourism Development in Egyptian Protected Areas: A Study in the Light of the European Charter for Sustainable Tourism. University of Ain Shams. V. (34), No. (2), pp. 533-556.
Al-Jawibrawi, J. Abdullah. 1993. Peace to the Marshlands, Historical, Geographical, and Heritage Profiles. House of Public Cultural Affairs - Ministry of Culture and Information.
Al-Jawibrawi, J. Abdullah. 2016. “Marshlands in the writings of European Travellers and Politicians”. Journal of Popular Heritage. Issue 4, Special Issue, Marshlands in Folklore, Ministry of Culture, Iraq, pp. 153-170.
Al-Mashhadani, Khalil Ibrahim Ahmed. 1989. Tourism Planning. National Library, Baghdad.
Al-Shammari, Redha Abdul Jabbar, and others. 2011. Development of Archaeological Tourism in Qadisiyah Governorate. First Edition, Al- Najaf Al- Ashraf.
Al-Wakeel, Rukaya Ali. 2018. Tourism Components in Al- Sumawa Province and its Development Possibility. Arab Cultural Forum Library and Library. Baghdad.
Al-Zaher, Niam, and Elias, Sarab. 2001. Principles of Tourism. First Edition. Dar Al-Masirah Publishing and Distribution, Jordan.
Antiquities and Heritage Authority. Division of Remote Sensing, unpublished data.
Daraji, Hashim D. Hussein. 2010. “The Cities of Maysan: Al- Mathar”. In Shatharat Maysania. College of Education publications - University of Maysan.
General Authority for Tourism Development. 2000. General Guidelines for Ecological Development in Egypt.
General Directorate of Antiquities.1976. The General Law of Archaeology of 1936, as modified by Law No. 120 of 1974 and Law No. 164 of 1975. Fifth Edition.
Gharaybeh, K. Mustafa. 2008. “Natural Ecotourism in Ajloun Governorate - Jordan, Reality and Hope”. International Symposium on "Tourism and Environment: Reality, Policies and Horizons." Tunisia.
Ghunaim, Osman Mohamed, and others. 1999. Tourism Planning. First Edition, Dar Al Safa Publishing and Distribution, Jordan.
Hajuil, Samir. 2014. Directory of Shrines, the Shiite Endowment, the General Secretariat of the Holy Shrines in Iraq. Part I. Al-Aasri Press, Baghdad.
Harez al-Din, Muhammad. 2011. The Pillars of Knowledge. Part II, Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi and Safa Foundation for Publications, Baghdad, Beirut.
Horowitz, Yuri. 2018. Fulfilling the Promise, Sustainable Tourism, the Use of Tourism to Boost Economies. Sustainable Tourism Consultant, Navigio International Partner, Georgetown University.
Jubra, Ibrahim, and Fathi Ehsan. 1987. Baghdad Between Yesterday and Today. Amanit Al- Assima, Baghdad.
Khanfar, Aayed Radhi and Khanfar, Iyad Abdullah. 2006. Marketing of Ecotourism and Biodiversity. The University of Environmental Researches. Vol. 9, No. 2.
L'Escourine, Sibalous. 1997. Environment Development Agency for Tourism around the World, Environmental Hotels Workshop in Qusair. Tourism Development Authority, Egypt.
Mahdi, Nawar Sami. 1997. Sectors of Al- Amara. Ministry of Culture and Information, Baghdad.
Malukhia, Ahmed Fawzi. 2005. Introduction to Tourism Science. First Edition, Nissan Library for Printing and Publishing, Alexandria.
Ministry of Planning and Development Cooperation. 2014. “Central Agency for Statistic and Information Technology”. Statistical Group, p. 21-22.
Mo'men, Mohamed Omar. 2009. Tourism Planning. First Edition. Modern University Office, Alexandria.
Nassiri, A. al-Amiri. 2006. Islamic Holly places in the World. Dar al-Hadi, Beirut.
Radhwan, Ahmed Husni and Ahmed Yahya Ismail. 2016. Sustainable Ecotourism in Egypt. Egypt.
Shehata, Hassan Ahmed. 2006. Environmental Pollution and the Disruption of Tourism. Library of the Arab Book House, Alexandria.
Sulaiman, Amer. 1983. Aspects of the Ancient Iraq Civilization. Al- Hurrya House for Printing and Publishing, Baghdad.
Sustainable Tourism Pledge Sustainable Travel Tips. https://www.wmf.org/sustainable-tourism-pledge.
UNWTO/ UNESCO, 2015. Culture and Tourism. World Conference on Tourism and Culture.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright and Licensing:
For all articles published in Al-Adab journal, copyright is retained by the authors. Articles are licensed under an open access Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 license, meaning that anyone may download and read the paper for free. In addition, the article may be reused and quoted provided that the original published version is cited. These conditions allow for maximum use and exposure of the work.
Reproducing Published Material from other Publishers: It is absolutely essential that authors obtain permission to reproduce any published material (figures, schemes, tables or any extract of a text) which does not fall into the public domain, or for which they do not hold the copyright. Permission should be requested by the authors from the copyrightholder (usually the Publisher, please refer to the imprint of the individual publications to identify the copyrightholder).
Permission is required for: Your own works published by other Publishers and for which you did not retain copyright.
Substantial extracts from anyones' works or a series of works.
Use of Tables, Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks if they are unaltered or slightly modified.
Photographs for which you do not hold copyright.
Permission is not required for: Reconstruction of your own table with data already published elsewhere. Please notice that in this case you must cite the source of the data in the form of either "Data from..." or "Adapted from...".
Reasonably short quotes are considered fair use and therefore do not require permission.
Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks that are completely redrawn by the authors and significantly changed beyond recognition do not require permission.
Obtaining Permission
In order to avoid unnecessary delays in the publication process, you should start obtaining permissions as early as possible. If in any doubt about the copyright, apply for permission. Al-Adab Journal cannot publish material from other publications without permission.
The copyright holder may give you instructions on the form of acknowledgement to be followed; otherwise follow the style: "Reproduced with permission from [author], [book/journal title]; published by [publisher], [year].' at the end of the caption of the Table, Figure or Scheme.
How to Cite
