Modeling the Morphometric characteristics of selected Valleys Southeast of Wasit Governorate and their effect on sediments

Abstract

The study area is located southeast of Wasit Governorate and its area is (1191 km2), The study aims to know the morphometric characteristics and their effect on the sedimented valleys in determining the in Wasit Governorate (Al Bint,Al Yara,Al Ghariz). Through studying the reality of the study area, it was found that these sediments date back to the Triassic period. Which is represented by the Bay Hassan and Al-Maqdadiya formations and the deposits of the fourth time,which are represented by(deposited of the Pleistocene era,which included deposits of fan dals and deposits of running water) and (deposits  of the Holocene era, which included  deposits of sand dunes,shallow depressions,floodplains,filled with valleys,and deposits made by man),as the region is part of the eastern edge of the alluvial and returnable plain, The source of the unstable pavement is the valleys sloping from the eastern side of the  Iraqi-Iranian border.which were formed by heavy rains in the form of torrents that wash away sand, gravel, clay, and silt. The study of morphometric characteristics represents one of the modern trends in the study water basins ,which is directly related to natural factors the most important of which are the water sources of those basins,Therefore, the study of morphometric characteristics helps to analyze the shape of the basin,the sedimentary stages of baisn,and the land features that develob from them due to the variation in the processes of erosion and sedimentation of erosion and sedimentation,which can be used in many applied processes such as soil maintenance and water management, and in many engineering facilities it is possiple to process and analyze within a set of laws that are mostly based on Horton's laws (1945). As well as on the laws that were introduced by many researchers such as Miller (1952), Strahler (1958), and Schum (1954). These studies have shown that the morphometric characteristics of water basins are the result of natural factors according to their quantitative morphometric classifications, whether areal, grid, or topographic. However, each method has its advantages and disadvantages, as it addresses only one aspect of morphometric analysis.