risks Mass Wasting in the Dohuk basin
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31973/aj.v0i133.865Keywords:
Mass Wasting, Rock Slope Stability, Gulley erosionAbstract
The Dohuk Basin located in the northern part of Iraq was studied within the range of high folds. The study examined the most important geomorphological factors and processes that contribute to the movement of ground materials over slopes and classification of their types by relying on field study and the use of geographic information systems technology The research concluded that the geomorphological factors and processes represented by the geological formation, the slope, the direction of the slope, the elevation from the sea level and the Gulley erosion processes have the great effect on the occurrence of movement of ground materials in the basin slopes as well as human interventions. The average severity of the landslide constitutes the highest percentage among the other region at a rate of (63.94%) and an area (64.2 km²) of the total basin area of (100.4 km²), while the least dangerous area occupies a percentage (33.67%) with an area of (33.8 km²), and that Rate (2.39%) area (2.4 Km2) of the total area of the aquarium exhibit to the possibility of severe danger of collapse.
Downloads
References
-AL-Jawady,A.F,1978, Mineralogical, petrological and Geochemical studies on pilaspi formation from northern Iraq ,unpublished M.SC.thesis,Univ of Mosul.
-- Buringh, P. 1960, Soils and Soil Conditions in Iraq, Republic of Iraq, Ministry of Agriculture, Directorate general of agricultural research and projects .Baghdad.
-Bellen Van,R.C, Dunnington ,H.V.,Wetzel ,R.and Morton ,D.M,1959 .,Laxique Stratigraphique International ,Fascicule 10, Iraq.
-Bergsma, E .Iko., 1982,Rainfall Erosion Serves for Conservation planning, ITC, Journal ,issue 3.
-Buday ,T.and Jassim,1987,S.Tectonic map of Iraq ,Vol .2 Tectonism, Magmatism and Metamorphism, Ed. by kassab, I. I and Abbas, M.J,
- Goodman, R. E., 1980, in watts, C.F., Gillian, D.R.& Hang , H., 2003 Rock slop stability computerized analysis package, www.Radford.earlt-cwatts.
-Hoek. E, and Bray ,J.W,1981, Rock Slopes Engineering Inst .of Mining and Metallurgy .London.
- Khatu ,p,2005,Urban Multi -Hazard Risk Analysis Using GIS and Remote sensing ,a case study of apart of kohima Town,India.
- Novotny, Jan,Varnes, 1978 Landslides Classification, Addis Ababa Univarsity,October ,November, 2013.
- Sissakian ,V.,& Fouad, S.(2015),Geological Map of Iraq, Scale 1:1000000,4th Edition ,2012,Iraqi Bulletin of Geology and Mining ,Vol.11.
Som- Library., Baghdad.
-SERTES of GEOLOGICAL MAPS OF IRAQ ,1995,Scale 1:250000, AL Mousul QUADRNGLE, NJ-38-13,G.M.U,Baghdad ,Tanuary.
-Stan norain ,1999, Ed, Gis Solution in Natural Resource Mangement ,Tenewable Natural Foundation and National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council Washington.
-Taufiq, J.M.&Domas,J.1977,the geological mapping of Dohuk-Ain Zalah area ,Unpub ,Report ,no,83,Baghdad ,som library .
- Van ,Wasten ,C, 1993,Application of Geographic Information system to Landslide Hazard Zonation ,ITC Publication ,the Netherlands.
- Abu El-Enein, Hassan Sayed Ahmed, 1968, Principles of Geomorphology (Study of the Topography of Earth's Surface), Beirut, University House for Printing and Publishing
-Arzuqi, Arbih Muhand bin Arzuqi, (Without date), Soil erosion and protection in the Algerian hill, Algeria, National Book institute.
- Al-Brifkani, Mohamad Jalal Noori,and others ,2012.The Study of Folding in Cretaceous and Tertiary Formations in Bekhair Anticline Through Structural Contour Maps, Iraqi National Journal of Earth Sciences Vol 12,numbers1
-Turkomani, Jouda Fathi, 2011, Surface Forms (Study in the Principles of Geomorphology), Cairo, Arab Culture House.
-Joudeh, Hassanein Gouda (Without date), land surface features, Alexandria, Dar Al-Marefa University
-Hassn, Tarq Khidr, 2006, the Geographical Analysis of Temperature Characteristics in Iraq Kurdistan Region, Master Thesis (Unpublished), Salahaddin University, Erbil.
Al-Khashab, Wafik Hussain, and, 1978, Geomorphology, Baghdad, University of Baghdad.
-Al-Khashab, Wafik Hussain, and others, 1978, Natural and Climatic Geography and Geomorphic Phenomena, Baghdad, Freedom House for Printing .
-Samurai, Qusai Abdul Majeed, 2000, The Past and Present Climate of Iraq, Journal of Literature, Issue No. 50..
-Strahler, Arthur N., and others, 1946, Earth's Surface Forms (Geomorphological Study), University of Baghdad, Dar Al-Zaman Press.
-Saʼadi, Abbas Fadel, 2009, Iraq Geography (its natural framework - its economic activity - its human side) University of Baghdad University House for Printing, Publishing and Translation.
-Salama, Hassan Ramadan, 2007, The Principles of Geomorphology, 2nd floor, Amman, Dar Al Masirah Publishing, Distribution and Printing
-Sharaf, Abdel Aziz Tereh, 1993, Natural Geography ( Land Forms Surface), Alexandria, University Culture Foundation.
-Corley, Richard G, and others, 1979,translation: Wafik Hussein Al-Khashab, Introduction to the Study of River Operations (Studies in Geomorphology), Baghdad, University of Baghdad..
-Keeler, Adwar, translation: Ghassan Muhammad Al-Sabti, 1982, Environmental Geology, 3rd floor, Erbil, Salahuddin University
-Al-Naqash , Adnan Baqir Al-Naqash, and others, 1989, Geomorphology, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, University of Baghdad .
-Naqash, Adnan Al-Naqash, 1985, Geomorphology and Synthetic Geology, and Geology of Iraq, University of Baghdad, College of Science .
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright and Licensing:
For all articles published in Al-Adab journal, copyright is retained by the authors. Articles are licensed under an open access Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 license, meaning that anyone may download and read the paper for free. In addition, the article may be reused and quoted provided that the original published version is cited. These conditions allow for maximum use and exposure of the work.
Reproducing Published Material from other Publishers: It is absolutely essential that authors obtain permission to reproduce any published material (figures, schemes, tables or any extract of a text) which does not fall into the public domain, or for which they do not hold the copyright. Permission should be requested by the authors from the copyrightholder (usually the Publisher, please refer to the imprint of the individual publications to identify the copyrightholder).
Permission is required for: Your own works published by other Publishers and for which you did not retain copyright.
Substantial extracts from anyones' works or a series of works.
Use of Tables, Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks if they are unaltered or slightly modified.
Photographs for which you do not hold copyright.
Permission is not required for: Reconstruction of your own table with data already published elsewhere. Please notice that in this case you must cite the source of the data in the form of either "Data from..." or "Adapted from...".
Reasonably short quotes are considered fair use and therefore do not require permission.
Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks that are completely redrawn by the authors and significantly changed beyond recognition do not require permission.
Obtaining Permission
In order to avoid unnecessary delays in the publication process, you should start obtaining permissions as early as possible. If in any doubt about the copyright, apply for permission. Al-Adab Journal cannot publish material from other publications without permission.
The copyright holder may give you instructions on the form of acknowledgement to be followed; otherwise follow the style: "Reproduced with permission from [author], [book/journal title]; published by [publisher], [year].' at the end of the caption of the Table, Figure or Scheme.