THE ROLE OF EMOTIONAL CATHARSIS PROGRAM IN DECREASING RELIGIOUS FANATICISM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31973/aj.v1i116.473Keywords:
EMOTIONAL, FANATICISM, RELIGIOUS, Null Hypothesis, FreudAbstract
The present study examines the credibility of the null hypothesis which illustrates that (there are no significant differences between the group under experiment and the group under control concerning fanaticism). It examines as well religious fanaticism among university students of (19-23) years old illustrating gender-wise discrepancies between female and male as detected.
When the fanaticism scale has been applied to (220) male and female students, the marks of (20) of them surpassed the value of the cut point which is the hypothetical average on the scale; an outcome that necessitated applying the emotional catharsis program to them. The latter needed (8) sessions, each of which lasted (45) minutes for four weeks, i. e., two sessions a week, during which special techniques and technologies based on Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis have been applied. The results , by the use of Mann Whitney’s test, have shown a rejection of the null hypothesis and reliance on the alter hypothesis instead; that the emotional catharsis program has actually helped reduce fanaticism among university students.
Downloads
References
- Al-Sharqawi, Fathy, "Study in psychology of prejudice", M. A. thesis, Ein Shams University,1984.
- Altemeyer, Bob, "Why Do Religious Fundamentalists Tend to Be Prejudiced?" The International, The Psychology of Religion 1: 3 (2003), 17-28.
- Badcock,C. Essential Freud, New York, Basil black well, Inc. ,1989.
- Bernard, "Option for helping Middle Eastern youth escape the trap of radicalization", USA, RAND, 2005.
- Bolteraller, L., "Die macht der Begeisterung, fanatismus und Enthusiasmus in tiefen", psychologischer sicht Edition discord, Tubingen, 1989.
- Bushman, Brad J., Does venting anger feed or extinguish the flame? catharsis, rumination , distraction, anger ,and aggressive responding, PSPB, V.28, No 6,(2002),724-731 .
- Freud, S., "Totem and Taboo", London, Lewe, Brydone, Printer sttd ,1961.
- Geen ,R.G. ,& Quanty , M. B., The catharsis of aggression, An evaluation of a hypothesis. In , Advances in experimental social psychology ,edited by L. Berkowitz(Ed.),1-37, vol.10 New York, Academic press,1977 .
- Gentile, A. Douglas, "Catharsis and Media Violence: A Conceptual Analysis", (2013). www.mdpi.com Journal/ Societies.
- Howell , D.C. ,Statistical methods for psychology ,second edition , Boston ,USA,PWS Publisher,1987 .
- http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=fanatic. Retrieved on 19th March, 2015
- Khalique, A., "Effect of religions prejudice and caste stereo of Muslim, school students Indian", The Psychological review, 22: 4, (1982), 9-15.
- Larousse, "Pluri Dictionaries", Paris: Librarian, Larousse, 1989.
- Leak, G. K. and Fish, S. B., "Development and initial radiation of a mcasurs of religious maturity" The International, The Psychology Religion, 9, (1999), 83-103.
- Mitchell, J. T. and Everly, G. S. "Critical in Gident Stress Management: the basic course work book" International critical stress foundation. Inc., 1998.
- Myers, Anne, Experimental psychology, Virginia university, Books/cole,1987.
- Nicholas , M. P. and Paolino, T. J., "Basic Techniques of Psychodynamic Psychotherapy", New York and London, Gardner Press Inc., 1986.
- Powell,Esta , Catharsis in psychology and Beyond : A Historic overview, http://primal-page.com/ cathar.htm.
- Roden , Robert Brian , Two techniques for eliciting emotional arousal an analogy study of catharsis, dissertation abstract international (electronic),university of Arizona ,1986. http:// arizona. openrepository.com/ handle/10150/183890.
- Rotter, J. B., "Social learning and critical psychology", Englewood Cliffs, N. J., Prentice Hall Inc., 1954.
- Spinks , G.S. ,Psychology and religion ,London , Butler Tanner ltd, 1963 .
- Teri, R. and James B. K., "The effect of self-consistency on gender differences in the accuracy of self-evaluation", The Developmental Psychology, 23: 5 (2000), 645- 650.
- Verona , Edelyn & Sullivan , Elizabath .A . Emotional catharsis and aggression revisited: heart rate reduction following aggression responding , Emotion ,vol.8 , no 3,(2008), 331-340.
- Winer , B. J. ,Statistical principles in experimental design , second edition , New York , McGraw-Hill, Inc.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright and Licensing:
For all articles published in Al-Adab journal, copyright is retained by the authors. Articles are licensed under an open access Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 license, meaning that anyone may download and read the paper for free. In addition, the article may be reused and quoted provided that the original published version is cited. These conditions allow for maximum use and exposure of the work.
Reproducing Published Material from other Publishers: It is absolutely essential that authors obtain permission to reproduce any published material (figures, schemes, tables or any extract of a text) which does not fall into the public domain, or for which they do not hold the copyright. Permission should be requested by the authors from the copyrightholder (usually the Publisher, please refer to the imprint of the individual publications to identify the copyrightholder).
Permission is required for: Your own works published by other Publishers and for which you did not retain copyright.
Substantial extracts from anyones' works or a series of works.
Use of Tables, Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks if they are unaltered or slightly modified.
Photographs for which you do not hold copyright.
Permission is not required for: Reconstruction of your own table with data already published elsewhere. Please notice that in this case you must cite the source of the data in the form of either "Data from..." or "Adapted from...".
Reasonably short quotes are considered fair use and therefore do not require permission.
Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks that are completely redrawn by the authors and significantly changed beyond recognition do not require permission.
Obtaining Permission
In order to avoid unnecessary delays in the publication process, you should start obtaining permissions as early as possible. If in any doubt about the copyright, apply for permission. Al-Adab Journal cannot publish material from other publications without permission.
The copyright holder may give you instructions on the form of acknowledgement to be followed; otherwise follow the style: "Reproduced with permission from [author], [book/journal title]; published by [publisher], [year].' at the end of the caption of the Table, Figure or Scheme.