International protection of the marine environment from pollution caused by maritime transport

Authors

  • Firas Naeem Jasim Ministry of Education/Open Educational College

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31973/aj.v1i138.1727

Keywords:

marine environment, pollution, shipping, ships, international agreements, international responsibility

Abstract

Research on the topic of pollution of the marine environment by sea transport and its danger to humans, consisting of marine organisms, as its effects are no longer confined to the pollution-exporting country only, and it cannot be described as a regional problem confined to one region without another, but rather it has become a global phenomenon that crosses the political borders of countries that require concerted efforts of all. This necessitated the intervention of the international community to organize the international legal protection of the marine environment from the danger of pollution resulting from maritime transport for this reason, the study of the research necessitated dividing it into two main sections, the first of which dealt with the conceptual framework of the pollution of the marine environment by shipping. While the second dealt with the legal regulation to protect the marine environment from pollution resulting from maritime transport, and then the research ended with a number of conclusions and a set of recommendations that we hope will contribute to strengthening the legal protection of the marine environment from pollution resulting from shipping within the framework of international law.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abdul Hadi Yahya Al-Sayegh, Arwa Shadel Taqa. Environmental Pollution, 1st Edition, Dar Shamou` al-Thaqafa for printing, publishing and distribution, the Great Socialist Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, 2002.

Abdul Karim Alwan Khudair. Mediator in Public International Law, Book Two, 1st Edition, House of Culture for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, 1997.

Ali Salem Ihmaidan Al-Shawara. The Geography of Transportation and its Development, 1st Edition, Dar Safaa for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, 2012.

Ali Salem Ihmaidan Al-Shawara. Transportation and its importance in social and economic development in different countries of the world, 1st Edition, Methodological House for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, 2016.

Angela Carpenter. INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT, NOVA Science Publishers. Inc. February 2011.

Ayman Nahrawi. Maritime Transport Economics and Policies, Dar Al-Fikr University, Alexandria, 2015.

Bedouin Kumaila. International Responsibility for Pollution of the Marine Environment, Algerian Journal of Maritime and Transport Law, Volume 5, Issue 1, 2018.

Ben Salem. International legal instruments applied to the conservation of marine biodiversity in the Mediterranean region and actors responsible for their implementation and enforcement, United Nations Environment Programme, Tunis,2010.

Bin Wazeh Al-Aaliyah. Legal protection of the environment in international agreements, Master's thesis submitted to the Council of the Faculty of Law and Political Science at Abdelhamid Ben Badis University, Mostaganem, 2019.

Boleslaw Adam Boczek. Global and Regional Approaches to the Protection and Preservation of the Marine Environment, CASE WESTERN RESERVE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, Volume16, Issue 1,1984.

Daniela Addis. The protection and preservation of the marine environment, Under the patronage of I.C.E.F – International Court for the Environment Foundation,2012.

Dong Guo. Analysis of Global Marine Environmental Pollution and Prevention and Control of Marine Pollution, Proposal of sollutions (Master's thesis, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya), 2017.

Douglas M. Johnston. THE ENVIRONMENTAL LAW OF THE SEA, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Gland, Switzerland,1981.

Environment fact sheet: protecting and conserving the marine environment, ADOPTED BY EUROPEAN COMMISSION, February 2006.

Firas Naim Jassem Al-Jubouri. The international protection of Iraq’s rivers from environmental pollution, a master’s thesis submitted to the Council of the College of Law at the University of Baghdad, 2015.

Franziska Matthies and others. HEALTH, THE GLOBAL OCEAN AND MARINE RESOURCES, World Health Organization, Copenhagen.Denemark.2019.

Habib Belqanishi, Fatima Al-Zahra Haj Shuaib. Civil Liability for Environmental Pollution, Journal of Legal and Political Jurisprudence, Volume 1, Issue 1, 2019.

Hisham Al-Bashir. Environmental Protection in the Light of the Provisions of International Humanitarian Law, 1st Edition, National Center for Legal Publications, Cairo, 2011.

Hosni Musa Muhammad Radwan. International Law of the Sea, House of Thought and Law, Mansoura, 2013.

Hossam Gad El Rab. Geography of Transport and Trade, 1st Edition, Dar Al Uloom for Publishing and Distribution, Cairo, 2019.

Issam Al-Attiyah. Public International Law, 3rd Edition, Al-Sanhoury Library, Baghdad, 2010.

Jafla Abdul Aziz Al-Madahka. Civil responsibility for pollution of the marine environment in the State of Qatar, a master's thesis submitted to the Council of the College of Law at Qatar University, 2020.

Jose G.B. Derraik. The pollution of the marine environment by plastic debris d: a review, Marine Pollution Bulletin 44 (2002).

JOSE Luis VALLARTA. PROTECTION AND PRESERVATION OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT AND MARINE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AT THE THIRD UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON THE LAW OF THE SEA, LAW AND CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS, Vol. 46: No. 2, Spring 1983.

Karar Majed Al-Jiashi. Transportation Geography, 1st Edition, Dar Al-Radwan for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, 2020.

Kola O. Odeku, Bapela M. Paulos. Prohibition of pollution of marine environments: challenges and prospects, Environmental Economics, Volume 8, Issue 3, 2017.

Majzoub Nawal. The legal framework for the crime of polluting the marine environment and the problem of criminal responsibility, Algerian Journal of Maritime and Transport Law, No. 6, 2019.

Michael Hardy. International Control of Marine Pollution, NATURAL RESOURCES JOURNAL, Volume 11, Issue2,1971.

Michael Waldichuk. Global Marine Pollution: An Overview, the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization, Rolland, Paris, 1977.

Mohamed Hassan Awad and Hassan Ahmed Shehata. Environmental pollution is a threat to life, 2nd edition, Dar Al Arabiya Book Library, Cairo, 2014.

Muammar Ratib Muhammad Abdul Hafez. International Law of the Environment and the Phenomenon of Pollution (A Step Forward to Protect the International Environment from Pollution), Dar al-Kutub al-Qanuniyyah, El-Mahalla El-Kobra - Egypt, 2008.

Muayyad Jabbar Muhammad. Provisions of international law in protecting the marine environment against pollution by nuclear radiation, Law Journal for Legal Studies and Research issued by Dhi Qar University, No. 15 of 2017.

Muhammad Bawat. The effectiveness of the international responsibility system in protecting the environment from pollution, the Academy Journal of Social and Human Studies A/Department of Economic and Legal Sciences, Issue 15-January 2016.

Muhammad Hajj Hammoud. International Law of the Sea Areas of National Jurisdiction, Al-Adeeb Al-Baghdadi Press, Baghdad, 1990.

Muhammad Khamis Al-Zawka. Geography of Transport and Trade, University Knowledge House, Alexandria, 2013.

Muhammad Muhammad Ali Abu Ayaneh. Protecting the Water Environment from Pollution, 1st Edition, Dar Al-Wafaa for Donia Printing and Publishing, Alexandria, 2014.

Mustafa Ahmed Abu al-Khair. Legal Protection of the Marine Environment in the Law of the Sea, 1st Edition, Itrak House for Printing and Publishing, Cairo, 2011.

Mustafa Youssef Kafi. The economy of transport and the environment within the framework of sustainable development controls, 1st edition, Alpha Documents, Constantinople, Algeria, 2017.

Nasri Diab Khater. The geography of transportation between theory and practice, Al Janadriyah Publishing and Distribution, Amman, 2010.

Niels Philipsen, Andrea Rigamonti. Marine Pollution, Study in the framework of the EFFACE research project Maastricht University, Netherlands,2015.

Qana Yahya. International efforts to protect the marine environment during armed conflicts, Master's thesis submitted to the Council of the Faculty of Law at the University of Constantinople, 2013-2014.

Said Abdo. Foundations of Transportation Geography, The Anglo-Egyptian Library, Cairo, 1994.

Saleh Muhammad Mahmoud Badr Al-Din. Objective Responsibility in International Law, Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya, Cairo, 2004.

Samah oak. The general commitment to protect the marine environment from pollution within the framework of the 1982 Law of the Sea Convention, Journal of Human Sciences issued by the Université Akhwa Mentouri Constantine, Volume 30-No. 5-December 2019

Tariq Ibrahim El-Desouky Attia. Environmental Security the Legal System for Environmental Protection, New University House, Alexandria, 2009.

Zidani Musa. Protecting the marine environment from pollution in international law, a master’s thesis submitted to the Council of the Faculty of Law and Political Sciences at Dr. Tahar Moulay Saida University, 2015-2016.

Downloads

Published

2021-09-15

Issue

Section

Geography

How to Cite

Jasim, F. N. (2021). International protection of the marine environment from pollution caused by maritime transport. Al-Adab Journal, 1(138), 337-370. https://doi.org/10.31973/aj.v1i138.1727

Publication Dates

Similar Articles

1-10 of 293

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.