Baths of Egypt until the end of the Ayyubid period
567 AH-648 AH / 1172 AD-1250 AD
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31973/aj.v2i136.1283Keywords:
The Baths, the Ayyubid era, the Mohtaseb, EgyptAbstract
Baths are among the public facilities that the state has guaranteed its construction because it is one of its duties, and they are healthy buildings, and the Ayyubid state in Egypt made sure to establish and maintain them through endowments and imprisonments of the Diwan of Prisoners, so that era was distinguished by the construction of many public baths in Egypt with the aim of serving the community, some of which were dedicated to men and others. For women, and because of the people's need for public baths due to the lack of private bathrooms in their homes, the muhtasib ordered that the baths be opened before magic to purify themselves before prayer time, and sometimes one bath is reserved for men before noon or after, and for women the other half of the day.
There are public bathrooms attached to religious, educational and health institutions because of the need for them, as they provide cleaning means for residents on the one hand, and to ensure a stable income that covers the expenses of these institutions on the other hand, and sometimes in addition to the public baths, there were bathrooms in their simple form used in the Ayyubid era, especially when the military campaigns. They were established by the military for bathing and purification, and the Ayyubids were keen to build baths when constructing new cities.
The baths in the Ayyubid era were distinguished by their perfection of craftsmanship and their inclusion of the rules of health and cleanliness, and the Ayyubids were interested in these baths in terms of mastering the architectural style. The ceilings of the bath were decorated, and among the baths of the Ayyubid era was the Sufi bath and the dome of the Imam al-Shafi’i bath.
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