الاحتطاب في ولاية جعلان بني بوعلي: محافظة جنوب الشرقية – سلطنة عمان

Ali Said Salim Al-Balushi

doi:10.31973/aj.v1i137.1029

المؤلفون

Ali Said Salim Al-Balushi جامعة السلطان قابوس

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31973/aj.v1i137.1029

الكلمات المفتاحية:

جعلان بني بو علي، النباتات الطبيعية، الاحتطاب، النباتات الغازية، فقدان التنوع الأحيائي، الزراعة التجريبية

الملخص

يعتمد السكان في المناطق الجافة وشبه الجافة وشبه الرطبة اعتمادا كبيرا على النباتات الطبيعية في حياتهم العامة. فبالإضافة إلى اعتمادهم عليها في رعي القطعان الحيوانية، فهي تمثل مصدرا أساسيا لإنتاج الفحم، وإنتاج الأخشاب لأغراض الطبخ والتدفئة وبناء الحظائر. كما أنها تعد مورد غذائي وطبي للعديد من المجتمعات الريفية والبدوية. وتسعى هذه الدراسة إلى الكشف عن ظاهرة الاحتطاب في جعلان بني بوعلي، والعوامل المؤدية لها والآثار البيئية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية المترتبة عليها. وتحقيقاً لأهداف تعتمد الدراسة بشكل رئيسي على العمل الميداني المتضمن تسجيل الملاحظات والمسح الميداني لمواقع الاحتطاب في ولاية جعلان بني بو علي، والتي بلغت 32 موقعا متوزعة على المناطق الجبلية والسفوح المتاخمة لهها والسهول الصحراوية الرملية. إضافة الى توزيع استبانة على 42 أسرة شملت العاملين بمهنة الاحتطاب وبعض الأسر المتناثرة حول مواقع الاحتطاب لمعرفة آراء السكان حول عملية الاحتطاب والنباتات المحتطبة وآثارها البيئية والاقتصادية. ومن أبرز النتائج التي خرجت بها الدراسة وجود مجموعة من التأثيرات البيئية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية لعملية الاحتطاب في ولاية جعلان بني بوعلي مثل زيادة رحلة الاحتطاب وتراجع الغطاء الشجري والنقص في الأخشاب وتناقص النباتات الطبيعية وفقدان التنوع الأحيائي. ومن أبرز توصيات الدراسة إقامة الزراعة التجريبية لأشجار السمر والغاف والسدر في ولاية جعلان بني بو علي وتعميمها بعد ذلك كمحاصيل حقلية تقلل من الضغط على النباتات الطبيعي المحتطبة.

التنزيلات

السيرة الشخصية للمؤلف

Ali Said Salim Al-Balushi، جامعة السلطان قابوس
Name: Ali Said Salim Al Balushi

Position: Associate Professor of Physical Geography & Environmental Studies, Department of Geography

Specialization: Geomorphology & Environmental Studies

Nationality: Omani

Language Proficiency:
- Arabic language (mother tongue)
- English (very good)
- French (level V)
Address: Department of Geography,

Sultan Qaboos University,

P.o. Box 79, PC 123,

Al-Khoud, Sultanate of Oman.

E-mail: buloshis@squ.edu.om; assb2929@hotmail.com

PART 1: EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE
- . Education
1. D. in Geography, Department of Geography, Faculty of Social and Humanities, Jordan University, Jordan, 2003. [Thesis: Desertification in Al- Batinah Pain, Sultanate of Oman].
2. A. Geography, Department of Geography, Faculty of Social and Humanities, Jordan University, Jordan, 1997. [Thesis: Geomorphology of Ras Al-Nagab Escarpment- Southern Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan].
3. A. in Geography, Department of Geography, College of Arts & Social Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University,Oman, 1991.
- . Professional Experience
1. 2018- Present: Associate Professor of Physical Geography & Environmental Studies, Department of Geography, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman.
2. 2011– 2017: Member of College of Arts & Social Sciences Council, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman.
3. 2011– 2017: Head of Geography Department, College of Arts & Social Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman.
4. 2008-2009 (6 months): Acting Assistant Dean of College of Arts & Social Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman..
5. 13/6/2009 – 17/7/2009: Acting Dean of College of Arts & Social Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman.
6. 2008-2009: Acting Assistant Dean for Undergraduate Studies of College of Arts & Social Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman.
7. 2004-2005 Delegator of Geography Department in council of College of Arts & Social Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman.
8. 2003- 2018: Assistant Professor of Physical Geography & Environmental Studies, Department of Geography, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman.
9. 2000-2003:Scholarshipfora PhD.
10. 1998-1999: Assistant Lecturer in the Department of Geography, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman.
11. 1994 -1997: Scholarship for a Master.
12. 1991-1994: Demonstrator in the Department of Geography, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman.

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