The concept of state and governance in ancient history
Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt as a model
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31973/aj.v0i0.955Keywords:
country, governance, ancient history, Mesopotamia and ancient EgyptAbstract
The aforementioned topic examines the study of state building in Mesopotamia and Pharaonic Egypt, from the stage of the city (the city) to the empire and through the development of the system of government, especially in Pharaonic Egypt.
The general basis of government is the religious character of both civilizations, as well as the emergence of the city-state as a first stage in the ladder of building the complete state and then the empire as a final stage for the expansion of the state. Without a doubt, political titles have indicated the importance of that expansion as well as management as a complement to building the state.
We can say that the cosmic state, led by the gods, was the model by which the residents of Mesopotamia and even the Pharaohs believed in building the earthly state, and it is self-evident that each civilization has its advantages and imprints in shaping the general framework of the state and citizenship. The research is divided into two parts, in the first we talked about the form of the state in Mesopotamia as a religious cosmic genesis from the gods and then delegated to human beings and the transition to ownership, while the other section included the study of the state in Pharaonic Egypt and its development and through it we get to know the concept of citizenship which is without doubt contrary to the concept Contemporary.
The Egyptian political concept has evolved, especially after the involvement of women in government and state administration since the era of the second family and the involvement of children, especially the crown prince in the administration since the twelfth family age, as well as the priests ’assumption of affairs since the fifth family era, and their influence on the internal politics of the state, as well as the army that took over In the era of the eighteenth and nineteenth dynasties, in addition to the influence of the minister or Aziz of Egypt and his government as they represent the state and its pillars. At the conclusion of the research, the research reached a firm historical fact that the basis of the state is religious and its principle as well, the difference in particles and development according to the political conditions of both civilizations, as well as the political form of Mesopotamia remains unchanged unlike the Pharaonic Egypt.
Downloads
References
أديب، سمير، (1990)، مرحلة التعليم العالي في مصر القديمة، دور الحياة، دار العربي، القاهرة، مصر.
باقر، طه، (2010)، مقدمة في أدب العراق القديم، شركة بيت الورق للنشر، ط1، بغداد، العراق.
حسن، سليم، (1940)، مصر القديمة، ج2، مطبعة كوثر، القاهرة، مصر.
حنون، نائل، (2007)، حقيقة السومريين ودراسات أخرى في علم الآثار والنصوص المسمارية، دار الزمان، دمشق، سوريا.
رو، جورجـ (1984)، العراق القديم، ترجمة: حسين علوان حسين، بغداد، العراق.
زايد، عبد الحميد، (1966)، مصر الخالدة-مقدمة في تاريخ مصر الفرعونية منذ أقدم العصور حتى عام 332 ق.م، دار النهضة العربية، القاهرة، مصر.
ساكز، هاري، (1979)، عظمة بابل، ترجمة: عامر سليمان، الموصل، العراق.
صالح، عبد العزيز، (2004)، الشرق الأدنى القديم مصر والعراق، مكتبة الأنجلو المصرية، القاهرة، مصر.
الصالحي، صلاح رشيد، (2017)، بلاد الرافدين، دراسة في تاريخ وحضارة العراق القديم، ج1، ج3، ط1، بغداد، العراق.
الطعان، عبد الرضا، (1981)، الفكر السياسي في العراق القديم، دار الرشيد للنشر، بغداد، العراق.
الماجدي، خزعل، (2016)، الحضارة المصرية، ط1ـ دار النون، رأس الخيمة، الإمارات العربية المتحدة.
الماجدي، خزعل، (2029)، الحضارات السامية المبكرة، ط1، بيروت، لبنان.
الماجدي، خزعل، (2019)، بخور الآلهة، دراسة في الطب والسحر والأسطورة والدين، دار إبكالو، ألمانيا.
عبد الهادي، سعدون، (2010)، التوظيف السياسي للفكر الديني في العراق القديم (3000-539 ق.م)، أطروحة دكتوراه، قسم التاريخ، كلية الآداب-جامعة بغداد، العراق.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright and Licensing:
For all articles published in Al-Adab journal, copyright is retained by the authors. Articles are licensed under an open access Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 license, meaning that anyone may download and read the paper for free. In addition, the article may be reused and quoted provided that the original published version is cited. These conditions allow for maximum use and exposure of the work.
Reproducing Published Material from other Publishers: It is absolutely essential that authors obtain permission to reproduce any published material (figures, schemes, tables or any extract of a text) which does not fall into the public domain, or for which they do not hold the copyright. Permission should be requested by the authors from the copyrightholder (usually the Publisher, please refer to the imprint of the individual publications to identify the copyrightholder).
Permission is required for: Your own works published by other Publishers and for which you did not retain copyright.
Substantial extracts from anyones' works or a series of works.
Use of Tables, Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks if they are unaltered or slightly modified.
Photographs for which you do not hold copyright.
Permission is not required for: Reconstruction of your own table with data already published elsewhere. Please notice that in this case you must cite the source of the data in the form of either "Data from..." or "Adapted from...".
Reasonably short quotes are considered fair use and therefore do not require permission.
Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks that are completely redrawn by the authors and significantly changed beyond recognition do not require permission.
Obtaining Permission
In order to avoid unnecessary delays in the publication process, you should start obtaining permissions as early as possible. If in any doubt about the copyright, apply for permission. Al-Adab Journal cannot publish material from other publications without permission.
The copyright holder may give you instructions on the form of acknowledgement to be followed; otherwise follow the style: "Reproduced with permission from [author], [book/journal title]; published by [publisher], [year].' at the end of the caption of the Table, Figure or Scheme.
How to Cite
