The Impact of Urban Land Uses on Heat Island in Rusafa Municipality (Baghdad) Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31973/fz1szj73Keywords:
UHI, LST, NDVI, LULC, BaghdadAbstract
This study examined the impact of urban land uses on the heat island phenomenon in Rusafa Municipality, Baghdad, using remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) techniques. The importance of this study lies in revealing the relationship between these uses and the variation of Land Surface Temperature (LST), focusing on the positive role of vegetation cover in improving the local climate. The research was based on Landsat-9 satellite data for the year 2024, and the analysis was conducted during winter and summer to cover seasonal temperature differences. The methodology included using remote sensing indicators such as the Normalized Vegetation Index (NDVI) and LST and applying spatial statistical analyses using ArcGIS 10.8. Five land uses in the study area are studied to assess the relationship between the type of use and LST. The results showed that commercial and industrial areas were the most affected by the heat island, as they recorded the highest temperatures due to traffic and human density, as well as the lack of vegetation cover in these areas. In contrast, residential and governmental areas showed relatively lower temperatures due to vegetation. The study found that the intensive concentration of commercial and industrial activities in certain areas within Rusafa leads to high human pressure and increased traffic congestion, exacerbating the UHI phenomenon.
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