Examining and comparing the symbol in Mantek Altair Attar and Gulshan Raz Shabestri
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31973/j4zqeh82Keywords:
Sufism, symbol, Mantek Altair, Golshan Raz, mystical literatureAbstract
Symbols play a very important role in sufi works, because they allow sufis to convey their complex concepts and personal spiritual experiences to others through symbols. It was a deep Sufi concept, which in most cases should be kept away from the understanding of those who are not familiar with this field.
Most sufi stories are in the field of didactic and allegorical literature. In addition to being an effective means of expressing the meanings of Sufi texts, the symbol is a precise tool for evaluating the content of these works and the most important and at the same time the most effective means. It is considered to be symbolic to express the themes of the texts.Two important works in mystical literature are " Mantek Altair " by Sheikh Attar Neishaburi and "Golshan Raz" by Sheikh Mahmoud Shabastri is full of these symbols. Although these two important works use mystical symbols, the type of symbolism and the goals of each are different.
The present article is described in a descriptive and analytical way, firstly in the introduction of the symbol and its types, then the symbol is identified from the story of al-Tair Logic and the book Kolshan Raz, and finally, it examines, compares and analyzes the types of sufi symbols and their use in the two texts. The result obtained from this article is; While Attar uses allegorical and fictional symbols to express the spiritual journey and mystical experiences, Shabestri deals with philosophical and abstract symbols to explain the theoretical concepts of sufism. These differences indicate two different approaches to sufism in Persian literature: one based on spiritual experience and the other based on philosophical and theoretical thinking.
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