Risk modelling of flash floods in the Hishkro Valley basin - Dohuk Governorate using terrain indices (TRI- STI- SPI- TWI)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31973/0ez15g54Keywords:
Topographic Roughness Index (TRI), Sediment Transport Index (STI), Stream Power Index (SPI), Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), GEOGloWS ECMWF valley flow system, environmental risk managementAbstract
Areas in the centre of Dohuk district were exposed to the risks of floods resulting from an increase in total rainfall during the rainstorm on 19/3/2024. This led to the flooding of water into forbidden land uses located on both sides of the valley stream in areas such as Besri, Aytee, Nazarki, Bah Rushki, Zarka, Western Maseek, Lower Malta, and Upper Malta. The capacity of the valley to contain the river flow will be determined, followed by the transfer of river deposits and identification of sites at risk of floods in the valleys to enhance integrated environmental management operations. This study was applied to the Hishkro Valley basin, with floods being a danger to human settlements, especially the informal ones that have exceeded planning standards. This directly contributes to identifying sites at risk due to rainwater and floodwaters in the basins using the Terrain Ruggedness Index (TRI), Sediment Transport Index (STI), River Power Index (SPI), and Topographic Wetness Index (TWI). Predictions of rainwater flow for 3 days using the GEOGloWS ECMWF Stream flow System aim to achieve water resource management and development in northern Iraq using Arc Map software. To execute this, a Model Builder was constructed in the Arc Toolbox, followed by modifying the model properties to enable the program to determine spatial analysis mechanisms using Spatial Analyst Tools. Layers with risk criteria were then included, such as deriving the slope layer based on the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) from the US Geological Survey website www.earthexplorer.usgs.gov and the visual radar imagery from the Aster Global DEM satellite. This was followed by determining the water flow direction and water accumulation areas. The research resulted in defining the basin and river hierarchy network, extracting the flow volume for the basin in cubic meters, and identifying sites at risk of floods due to the rainstorm, facilitating the decision-making process for safe water management planning.
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