Medicine in the Samanid State 261 AH - 389 AH

Abstract

The Paper aims to study the science of medicine in the Samanid state, as the Samanid state was one of the countries Independent in the East, specifically in Transoxiana, which was destined to play an important role in Arab-Islamic history thanks to the civilizational, cultural and intellectual achievements it made in that period, such that many of the cities of the Samanid state, such as Bukhara and Samar Qand, became scientific and cultural centers and began to compete with the city of Baghdad, the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. It was visited by many scholars and thinkers. The Samanid princes, in turn, worked to encourage and spread science and knowledge among the segments of Samanid society by providing scientific institutions such as mosques, schools, libraries, and others. They also encouraged its scholars to write and translate many books from the Arabic language to the Persian language and vice versa as well. It reached a point of The interest of the Samanid princes was that they glorified scholars, as well as giving them gifts and blessings, in addition to many of them assuming high positions in the state. As a result of this interest, a scientific and literary renaissance took place, and the Samanid state became a scientific center, which was reflected in the progress and development of many sciences, the most prominent of which was the science of medicine and the state’s procedures in this matter. The field where it established many practices, such as the practice of irrigation and the provision of medicine to patients. Many skilled doctors emerged in the medical field in the Samanid state, led by Al-Razi, Ibn Sina and other doctors, who provided humanity with many scientific achievements in various fields of science and knowledge, so that their books were translated into more. It became a language and became a curriculum taught in many European universities and a reference for many doctors and scientists, in addition to their innovation of new methods for detecting diseases and methods of prevention and treatment.