Evaluation of erosion activity by adopting the Berksma equation for the Karadagh fold in Sulaymaniyah Governorate
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31973/aj.v3i137.1660Keywords:
fold, erosionAbstract
The study aims to find out the size of erosion in the Karadagh fold in Sulaymaniyah Governorate. The intensity of the erosion activity was measured by adopting the Bergsma equation, for the intensity of furrow carving, and it was found that there are five degrees and defined the scope of its work and its area according to the degree of its activity and as shown in the detailed map. The first class is very light erosion (21,004 km2), the second class is light erosion (185,281 km2), the third class is medium erosion (431,434 km2), the fourth class, high erosion, occupied an area (357,371 km2), and the last category was very high erosion, which amounted to an area. (30,792 km2), which is the smallest area in relation to the rest of the other erosion areas. As for the movement of materials, it had a significant and clear effect on the formation and retraction of the slopes of the study area, depending on the results of the detailed field survey, it showed the presence of a great activity of free fallout and represented the most dangerous types The geomorphology of the region, as well as the risks resulting from the erosion activity, was observed less widespread activity of rock slides and soil encroachment, which affected this activity as a whole on the village buildings from the slopes that dominate these processes.
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References
Ahmad Abd Al-Sattar Al-Athari, Contrasting Al-Khuddudi in the Western Iraqi Plateau (a morphometric study), Al-Adab Journal, Issue 109, 2014, p. 467.
E. I. Bergsma, Rainfall Erosion Surveys for Conservation planning, Jor, ITC, Netherlands, 1982, PP 166-174
Rahim Muhammad Jaafar al-Abdan, Muhammad Jaafar al-Samarrai, Rain erosion of the slopes of the Hamrin hills using geographic information systems (GIS) technology, College of Arts Journal, No. 81, 2007, p. 330.
Sahab Khalifa al-Samarrai, Rajab Ahmad, sanctified Osama Qawam, the effect of morphological and morphodynamic processes (weathering and water erosion) on soil erosion in the Kalala basin, vol. 1 issue 39 2014, p. 138.
Shaima Majid Khalaf al-Janabi, Erosion of the valley in the Wadi Hazan Basin, Al-Adab Magazine, Issue 130.2019, p. 459.
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