Hasan, Ali Knewr, and Shatha Qasim Nafl. 2015. “The Effectiveness of the Modified Learning Cycle and Brainstorming Strategies in the Achievement of Students of Teacher Education Institutes in the Subject of History and the Development of Their Self-Confidence”. Al-Adab Journal, no. 111 (March). https://doi.org/10.31973/aj.v0i111.1524.